User-Managed Backup

Backup & Recovery的分類

Backup 分為 Closed 及 Open，Recovery 則分為 Complete 及 Incomplete。

• Backup
• Closed : Noarchivelog Mode 適用，資料庫Shutdown
• Close the controlfile
• Close the online logfile
• Close the datafile
• Open : 只有 Archivelog Mode 可以，資料庫Open
• Alter database backup control file to ...
• Archive the online logfile
• Alter tablespace .... begin backup - copy the datafiles - alter tablespace .... end backup
• Restore & recover
• Complete
• Take the damaged file offline
• Restore it
• Recover it
• Bring it online
• Incomplete
• Mount the database
• Restore all datafiles
• Recover database until ...
• Open resetlogs

Noarchivelog Mode Backup

此模式只能選用Closed Backup，備份前，需關閉資料庫，將檔案使用作業系統的命令來複製。但複製前必須確認所複製檔案沒有漏掉。可在資料庫關閉前使用下列命令來產生完整複製的指令。

select 'cp     ' || name || '    /home/oracle/bkup' from v$controlfile  ; 
select 'cp     ' || name || '    /home/oracle/bkup' from v$datafile  ; 
select 'cp     ' || name || '    /home/oracle/bkup' from v$tempfile  ; 
select 'cp    ' || member || '    /home/oracle/bkup' from v$logfile  ; 

Archivelog Mode Backup

User-Managed Backup 主要包含CONTROLFILE 和 DATAFILE 的備份

要先確定資料庫屬於 ARCHIVELOG MODE

以下範例展示在 Archivelog Mode下進行的User-managed backup
1. 建立暫時的TABLESPACE
create tablespace ex181 datafile '/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/sedb/ex181.dbf' size 10m extent management local segment space management auto;
2. 在新的表格空間建立新TABLE
create table t1 (c11 date) tablespace ex181;
3. 將TABLESPACE 設定為 BACKUP MODE
alter tablespace ex181 begin backup ;
4. Backup datafile
[oracle@db01 bkup]$ cp /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/sedb/ex181.dbf /home/oracle/bkup/ex181.dbf
5. 將TABLESPACE 設定結束 BACKUP MODE
alter tablespace ex181 end backup;
6. 對CONTROLFILE做BINARY BACKUP
alter database backup controlfile to '/home/oracle/bkup/controlfile01.bin';
7. 對CONTROLFILE做Logical BACKUP
alter database backup controlfile to trace as '/home/oracle/bkup/controlfile01.log';